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TOXIC BURDEN INCREASES CANCER RISK
mercury, toxicity
VIDEO ON TOXIC EFFECT OF MERCURY
Coalition against toxins
Coalition Against Toxins
TOXIC  BURDEN increases our risk for cancer
In 1996, hundreds of dead seals washed up on the beaches of  Denmark and Germany.  Scientists determined that a virus had killed these seals.  However, the same virus exists in all healthy seals without creating any infection.  Actually, it was pollution from the Rhine River that caused the immune systems of the seals to succumb to these normally-non-toxic viruses.  At the same time in a forest just east of Los Angeles, California, a normal strain of beetles was decimating a huge stand of virgin pine trees.  While these beetles normally live among these pine trees, it was the air pollution from Los Angeles that lowered the immune functions of the pine trees and allowed these innocuous beetles to devastate the forest.  Meanwhile, thousands of bass fish are washing up on the shores of lakes in the southern plains of the US.  Cause of death?  A virus that normally inhabits the fish, but becomes lethal when the fish are exposed to pollutants, which lower immune defenses.  Pollutants lower our defenses to everything from the common cold to cancer, while also jamming the body’s many intricate biochemical reactions.

INTAKE from:
    Voluntary pollutants of drugs, alcohol, tobacco
    Involuntary toxins of:
==>    Food (1.2 billion lbs/yr pesticides on fresh produce, 2800 FDA-approved food additives, 5 million lbs/yr of antibiotics to grow animals faster, herbicides, fungicides, wax on produce, parasites, veterinarian drug residue, hormones.
==>    Water.  EPA estimates that 40% of fresh water in US is unusable.  1300 different chemicals exist in the average "EPA-approved" city drinking water.  Chlorine and lead are most common, with many industrial volatile organic chemicals ending up in the drinking water.  60,000 chemicals in regular use, according to American Chemical Society, half of these in contact with humans.  Farm runoff of herbicides, pesticides, and fertilizer (nitrates combine with amino acids in stomach to form carcinogenic nitrosamines).
==>    Air.  50 million Americans breathe air that is dangerous for health.  Smoking and second-hand smoke are obvious.  Millions of tons of known carcinogens are produced annually and legally from paper mills, petrochemical refineries, burning of medical waste (generate dioxin from PVC).  Crop dusting, diesel fumes, leaded exhaust, etc.
==>    Industrial exposure.  Workers in factories, vinyl industry, paper mills, refineries, asbestos, etc.
==>    Other.  Mercury amalgams, electromagnetic fields from cellular phone antenna, high voltage power lines.

>SOLUTION:  DETOXIFICATION  (EXCRETION)  VIA:
∗    Urine.  Increase intake of clean water, vitamin C, beans (sulfur amino acids are chelators), garlic, chelation EDTA therapy.
∗    Feces.  50 billion bacteria/lb fecal matter.  40% of lymphoid tissue is surrounding the GI tract.  Common constipation leads to toxic buildup, dysbiosis.  Increase fluid, fiber, psyllium seed husk, sena, cascara sagrada, buckthorn, fructo-oligosaccharides, probiotics (lactobacillus, yogurt).  Appropriate use of enemas, coffee enemas (every other day during intensive detox).
∗    Sweat.  Skin is the largest organ of body, 2000 pores/square inch skin.  Increase sweating through exercise, hot tubs, jacuzzi, sauna.  Hyperthermia via far infrared saunas (SmartyHealth.com, Saunas.com, SunlightSaunas.com) can be useful.  Bring core body temperature up to 102 F for 10-30 minutes/day.  Do not use anti-perspirants.
∗    Liver.  Most significant detoxifying organ of body, using conjugase (put together), oxidase, reductase, and hydrolase enzymes to neutralize poisons.  Increase intake of glutathione (dark green leafy veg), silymarin, garlic, vitamin E, selenium.
∗    Other.  Some chose chelation therapy, mercury amalgam removal, or magnets to neutralize electro-magnetic field pollution.
-Get rid of the garbage.
    Everyone is detoxifying their bodies all day throughout their lives--or they would die.  But some people don't detox fast enough, and the toxins build up to encumber their bodily processes.  One of the favored theories of aging says that eventually the accumulation of these cellular waste products overwhelms the cells, and they begin to die.  Similarly, fermenting yeast creates alcohol to a certain point and then dies in its own toxins.  Cell cultures of living tissue that are kept in a fresh nutrient solution and changed daily to eliminate toxin buildup will experience slowed aging.
    If I was forced to summarize the essence of good health into one simple sentence, it would be: "bring in the right groceries (nutrients) and take out the trash (toxins)."  Each of the 60 trillion cells in your body is like a house in your neighborhood.  You must bring in the right collection of essential groceries and remove the garbage often.  Many cancer patients have erred at both ends of this equation: not enough essential nutrients, coupled with an accumulation of poisons.
    Fortunately, humans are not "virgins" at exposure to poisons.  The human body, when properly nourished, has an enormous capacity to either excrete or neutralize a certain amount of poisons.  Yet 20th century pollution has stretched the limits of our elaborate detoxification systems.  We have physical means of eliminating waste products through urine, feces, exhaled air, sweat, and tears.  We also possess an elaborate system of chemical detoxification that is mostly concentrated in the liver, where a complex array of enzymes serve to neutralize poisons.  Cytochrome P-450, catalase, mixed function oxidase, conjugase, and other enzymes are constantly at work neutralizing and excreting poisons from the body.  That is why the liver is often the secondary organ affected after some other part of the body becomes cancerous--like trying to break up a fight and, instead, getting beat up.
    Not only do many people voluntarily consume poisons, such as tobacco, alcohol, and prescription and "recreational" drugs, but we are also exposed to an alarming amount of involuntary poisons in our air, food, and water supply.  Annually, America alone dumps 90 billion pounds of toxic waste into our 55,000 toxic waste sites, sprays 1.2 billion pounds of pesticides on our food crops , and spews forth 600 pounds of air pollutants for every person in America.  Scientists have found residues of the lethal industrial solvent PCB (polychlorinated biphenyls) and the pesticide DDT in every human on earth, including mother's milk.  And on it goes.
    After looking at the toxic burden carried by the average American adult, the question is not "why do 42% of us get cancer?", but a more appropriate question might be "why do only 42% of us get cancer?"  A noted professor at the University of Illinois, Dr. Sam Epstein, has profound evidence showing that regardless of other measures taken, our cancer epidemic will not be abated until we get our environmental disaster cleaned up.  By increasing the body's ability to purge poisons, detoxification may help the cancer recovery process for some individuals.  Toxic burden blunts the immune system, erodes the delicate DNA, changes cellular functions, and encourages cancer growth.
    A word on coffee enemas.  Enemas are one of the oldest healing modalities in human literature.  Milk enemas are still used by noted surgeons and gastroenterologists to stem diarrhea that does not respond to medication.  Coffee enemas have been in the Merck Medical Manual for decades, until 1977, when editors of the manual claimed that this revered therapy was eliminated for "lack of space" in the new manuscript.  The reality is that coffee enemas became the focal point in criticizing alternative cancer therapies.  Coffee enemas help to purge the colon and liver of accumulated toxins and dead tissue.  Coffee enemas are prepared by brewing regular organic and caffeinated coffee, let cool to body temperature, then use enema bag as per instructions with 4 to 8 ounces of the coffee solution.  Proponents of this therapy use it daily for very sick cancer patients, or weekly for recovering cancer patients.
    As a by-product of living, we create our own waste products, which must be eliminated or we die in our own biological sewage.  Urine contains a collection of worn out parts, filtered out toxins, and potentially lethal ammonia.  The intestines can become a distillation device like the old moonshiner "still", loaded with strange by-products as bacteria ferment food matter into an incredible array of chemicals and gases.  Feces contains unabsorbed food matter, about 50 billion bacteria per pound, and many toxins that could cause cancer if allowed to contact the intestinal wall long enough.
    Detoxification includes:
    -Urine.  Increasing urinary output and dilution of urine poisons by drinking more clean water, 8-10 cups of fluid daily, which is enough to have urine that is light yellow in color and inoffensive in odor.  Drink filtered water, preferably from reverse osmosis.  Chelation therapy helps the body to gather up toxic minerals and excrete them via the urine.
    -Feces.  Improve fiber intake until feces are soft in consistency.  Also, fix digestive problems, such as low output of hydrochloric acid or digestive enzymes.  Take mild herbal purgatives, such as buckthorn, senna, and cascara sagrada.  Some people use enemas and colonic irrigation.  The typical American diet is low in fiber and loaded with poisons.  Colon cleansing, through a variety of methods, is crucial for whole body detoxification.
    -Sweat.  Encourage purging of toxins through sweat glands by taking saunas, far infrared saunas, hot baths, and steam baths, then scrubbing the skin to scrape off the excreted poisons.
    -Reduce intake of poisons. 25% of Americans and up to 90% of males in other countries still smoke.   In my work with hundreds of cancer patients, I have never seen a smoker get better.  Ironically, smoking may have a minor benefit for some people, since smoking elevates basal metabolism, which is particularly noticeable in hypothyroid individuals.  My hunch is that people who find smoking such an addiction are using nicotine to elevate basal metabolism as a crutch to support their sagging thyroid output.  A way to ease the withdrawal for these people is to normalize thyroid output.  See “gland or organ insufficiency” section for more details on thyroid help.
    According to the National Academy of Sciences, pesticide residues on food crops cause 14,000 new cases of cancer each year out of 1.4 million total cases, which means that about 1% of our cancer comes from pesticide use and abuse.  That estimate did not include the more recent findings that pesticides amplify each other’s toxicity by 500 to 1,000 fold!!  That 1% is fairly insignificant, unless you are one of those 14,000 people.
    TO CLEAN YOUR FRESH COMMERCIAL PRODUCE.  For those people who do not have easy access to organic produce, which is grown without pesticide use, peeling or washing produce is mandatory.  For produce that you consume entirely, like broccoli and apples, soak it in a solution of one gallon of warm water per 2 tablespoons of vinegar for 5 minutes, then rinse and brush.
    From tainted water, food, and air; to exposure to carcinogens in the home and work place; to voluntary intake of poisons in drugs, alcohol, and tobacco; to showers of electromagnetic radiation falling on us--Americans are constantly pushing the outer envelope for toxin tolerance.  Too many of these common toxins both assault the fragile DNA and blunt immune functions.  We need to be more responsible in dealing with our 20th century waste products.  Cancer patients need to do everything possible to eliminate accumulated wastes and minimize intake of new toxins.
    -Mercury.  With more than 90% of the American population sporting at least a few mercury fillings in their teeth, the subject of mercury poisoning has become a hot topic.  Lewis Carroll's classic book, ALICE IN WONDERLAND, showcased the "mad hatter" as representative of an industry that whimsically used mercury to give stiffness to formal felt hats.  Mercury is a deadly poison, and putting it in the mouth to erode over the years and eventually be swallowed is just plain ridiculous.  About 1% of the population, or 2 million people, are very sensitive to any exposure to mercury, while most other people would be better off without any mercury in their mouth.  Some people have found relief from a wide assortment of diseases, including cancer, by having their mercury fillings replaced with non-toxic ceramic or gold material.   Mercury detox can be assisted with Captomer (Thorne 800-228-1966), Detoxosode (HVS 941-643-4636), chlorella, kelp extracts, cilantro, and intravenous DMPS chelation from your doctor.
Half the weight of a “silver” filling is from mercury.  According to Doctor’s Data Lab, people with mercury fillings have 13 times more mercury in their stools than people without mercury fillings.  With the assistance of common bacteria in the mouth, mercury in fillings becomes methylated and is then 100 times more toxic.   Roughly 78% of the 200 million adults in America have an average of 8 mercury fillings, which translates into 557 tons (1.1 million pounds) of mercury stored in the mouths of Americans today.  For this reason, there are extraordinary levels of mercury gas emitted when cremating patients with the typical 8 mercury fillings.  90% of dentists still use mercury amalgams, adding another 100 million mercury fillings annually to the mouths of Americans.   Animal studies show that radioactively-labelled mercury from fillings quickly migrates to the kidneys, brain, and intestinal wall.   There are already class action law suits pending against the dental industry for mercury poisoning that will make any previous class action suits look like a socialite tea party.
In a famous case of blatant clinical mercury toxicity, the Chisso factory in Minamata dumped 100 tons (91,000 kilograms) of mercury wastes into the nearby bay in 1980, with the resulting fish being contaminated and the people eating the fish getting very sick.  Nearly 500 people died, and thousands were declared severely brain damaged by acute mercury poisoning.  But mercury rarely kills anyone outright.  It slowly erodes all bodily functions until you wish you were dead.  Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients have 800% the mercury levels in the cerebrospinal fluid around the brain and spinal cord as compared to healthy controls.  Inorganic mercury is capable of producing symptoms that are identical to MS.   Mercury poisoning also can mimic Alzheimer’s disease.  Over 4 million Americans have Alzheimer’s with a tripling (12 million) expected within a decade.
Common symptoms of mercury poisoning include:
Mental: depression, fearfulness, anger, hallucinations, inability to accept criticism, inability to concentrate, indecision, irritability, loss of memory, metallic taste, persecution complex, tremors of hands, etc
Physical: anemia, anorexia, low body temperature, poor vision, drowsiness, excitability, headache, hypersensitive reflexes, insomnia, poor energy, weight loss, irregular heart beat, low or high blood pressure, allergies, sinusitis, lymph node enlargement, dizziness, ringing in ears (tinnitis), fatigue, muscle weakness, apathy, numbness, hearing loss, speech disorder, joint pains.
American industry still releases 4.3 million pounds of mercury into the atmosphere as gas.  Mercury is used in coal-burning facilities, which still generate the majority of electricity in America, to make aluminum, to coat seeds for planting, to make mercury vapor tube lamps, mercury electrical switches, etc.  Imagine the mercury that was released when the World Trade Center and its office mercury-rich fluorescent lamps were vaporized by the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001.  A surprising 40% of workers at the 9/11 cleanup site have reported physical or mental health problems that could be attributed to mercury poisoning.  All sewer plants in the U.S. and sewer sludge have been found by government assays to have high levels of mercury.  This sewer sludge is used to fertilize fields, which gets into the plants grown from those fields, and the animals that eat the plants, and so on.
All this mercury has been cumulative.  Mercury is immortal.  There is no half life.  It never decomposes.  Mercury in the air returns as mercury in the world’s land and waterways, which enters the food chain through fish and seafoods.  The World Health Organization (WHO) has conducted studies showing that the more fish you eat, the more mercury you have in your body.  The higher the fish on the food chain (shark, tuna, swordfish are higher than salmon, cod, sole, and crab), the more the concentration of mercury in the flesh.  States that have a higher mercury load have it in the water and soil, hence the food supply in general.  WHO reports that the largest source of mercury in most people is from mercury amalgams.
If you overlay a map of mercury pollution in the US with elevated rates of cancer, they match.  Mercury toxicity may be the initial insult which leads to depressed immunity, which leads to fungal and other infections, which leads to inflammation, hypercoagulability, and eventually some serious diagnosed disease like heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes, etc.  If you want a truly terrifying piece of literature to read before bedtime, never mind the Steven King novels, download the “Mercury Study” from epa.gov on the Internet.
Mercury suppresses the immune system and impairs nerve transmission.  Lowered immunity, inability to focus, and other problems are common early warning signs of mercury toxicity.  Also, mercury causes fungi to mutate into a more virulent and invasive forms.  As the final nail in the coffin, mercury is quick to replace zinc (an essential mineral) in the 80+ different enzyme systems that are crucial to human health.  In one fell swoop, mercury turns the villains into super-villains and sends the cops to bed, then puts terrorists in control of all other functions in the city (body).  This is a common state of affairs in Americans and good reasons why mercury amalgam replacement (with bio-compatible material) and mercury detoxification are so crucial for normalizing the immune system and other healing pathways in the body.
    -Chelation of heavy metals.  Lead poisoning is much more common than mercury poisoning.  Though our use of lead is starting to be reduced, lead is a clearcut immune poison and has been targeted by the Environmental Protection Agency as a "top priority" cleanup item.  Chelation therapy involves injecting chemicals (like EDTA) that put the heavy metal in a molecular "cage" and carry it out of the body in the urine.  Chelation therapy may help to reduce heavy metal toxicity, which is assessed by mineral excretion in the urine or by hair/nail analysis.


REFERENCES on the toxicity of mercury

ABC on Mercury – Poisoning From Dental Amalgam Fillings – Handbook for victims of mercury-poisoning from dental amalgam; Swedish Association of Dental Mercury Patients,  Tandvardsskadeforbundet, International group, Wolmar Yxkullsgatan 15B, S-118 50 Stockholm, Sweden; 1997; Available from Bio-Probe, Inc (800) 282-9670
A Consumer’s Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients –  Ruth Winter, M.S.; Third Revised Edition; Copyright 1989, Crown Publishers, Inc., 201 East 50th Street, New York, NY 10022;
 ISBN: 0-517-57263-X
Clinical Toxicology of Commercial Products – Robert E. Gosselin, M.D., Ph.D., Roger P. Smith, Ph.D., Harold C. Hodge, Ph.D., D.Sc.; Fifth Edition; Copyright 1984, Williams & Wilkins;
ISBN: 0-683-03632-7
Dorland’s Illustrated Medical Dictionary – W.B. Saunders Company; 27th Edition; Copyright 1988, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc., The Curtis Center, Independence Square West, Philadelphia, PA 19106; ISBN: 0-7216-3154-1
EEG In Clinical Practice – John R. Hughes, M.D., Ph.D., D.M. (Oxon.); Second Edition; Copyright 1994, Butterworth-Heinemann, 313 Washington Street, Newton, MA 02158;
ISBN: 0-7506-9511-0 (alk. Paper)
It’s All In Your Head - The Link Between Mercury Amalgams and Illness – Dr. Hal A. Huggins; Copyright 1993, Avery Publishing Group Inc., Garden City Park, New York;
ISBN: 0-89529-550-4
Mercury Poisoning from Dental Amalgam – a Hazard to Human Brain – Patrick Stortebecker, M.D., Ph.D.; Stortebecker Foundation for Research, Copyright 1985,
Bio-Probe, Inc., P.O. Box 580160, Orlando, FL  32858-0160; ISBN: 0-941011-01-1
Mercury Bibliography – Compiled by Mats Hanson, Ph.D.;  Third Edition, 12,000 Citations, 285 Signs & Symptoms, 302 Nervous System Citations; Copyright 1992, Bio-Probe, Inc., P.O. Box 608010, Orlando, FL 32860-8010, (800) 282-9670
Mercury Bibliography Update – Covering Research Published Between 1991-1993 with Selected Abstracts – Compiled by Mats Hanson, Ph.D.; 1404 Citations, 610 Abstracts, 59 Nervous System Abstracts; Copyright 1994, Bio-Probe, Inc., P.O. Box 608010, Orlando, FL 32860-8010,  (800) 282-9670
150 Years of Dental Amalgam – Fredrik Berglund, M.D., Ph.D.; Copyright 1995, Bio-Probe, Inc., P.O. Box 608010, Orlando, FL 32860-8010, (800) 282-9670
Say Good-Bye to ADD and ADHD – Devi S. Nambudripad D.C., L. Ac., R.N., Ph.D.; First Edition:  Copyright September, 1999, Delta Publishing Company, 6714 Beach Blvd., Buena Park, CA 90621, (888) 890-0670; ISBN: 0-9658242-4-1
Say Good-Bye to Allergy-Related Autism – Devi S. Nambudripad D.C., L.Ac., R.N., Ph.D.; Copyright  1999, Delta Publishing Company, 6714 Beach Blvd., Buena Park, CA 90621,
(888) 890-0670; ISBN:  0-9658242-5-X
Staying Well in a Toxic World – Lynn Lawson; Copyright 1993, Lynnword Press, P.O. Box 1732, Evanston, IL 60201; ISBN: 0-9653659-0-5
Toxic Metal Syndrome – Dr. H. Richard Casdorph, Dr. Morton Walker; Copyright 1995, Avery Publishing Group, Garden City Park, New York; ISBN: 0-89529-649-7
The Toxic Time Bomb – Silver Dental Fillings, Can The Mercury In Your Dental Fillings Poison You? – Sam Ziff; Second Revised Edition 1986, Aurora Press, 205 3rd Ave. 2A, New York, NY 10003;  ISBN: 0-943358-22-1
Uninformed Consent – The Hidden Dangers in Dental Care – Hal A. Huggins, D.D.S., M.S., Thomas E. Levy, M.D., J.D.; Copyright 1999, Hampton Roads Publishing Company, Inc., 134 Burgess Lane, Charlottesville, VA 22902; ISBN: 1-57174-117-8
Winning The War Against Immune Disorders & Allergies – Ellen W. Cutler, D.C.; Copyright 1998, Delmar Publishers, 3 Columbia Circle, Box 15015, Albany, NY 12212-5015;
ISBN: 0-7668-0059-8
Mercury:  Neurologic Adverse Effects –
Anderson, A.; et al.  A neuological and Neurophysiological study of chloralkali workers previously exposed to mercury vapor.  Acta Neurolog Scand, 88:427-33, 1993.
Anuradha, B; et al.  Degree of Peroxidative Status in Neuronal Tissues by Different Routes of Inorganic Mercury Administration, Drub Chem Toxicol.  21(1):47-55, Feb 1998.
Chang, LW; et al.  Mitochondrial Changs in Neurons Following Mercury Intoxication.  Amer. Assoc. Neuropath, 49th Annual Meeting, 1973.
Chang, LW.  Neurotoxic effects of mercury:  A review.  Environ Res, 14:329-73, 1977.
Chang, LW.  Mercury, Experim Clin Neurotoxicol, Chapter 35, 508-26, 1980.
Cooper, GP; et al.  Heavy Metals:  Effects On Synaptic Transmission.  Toxicology, 5(3):247-66, 1984.
Hua, J; et al.  Pathological changes in the Brown Norway rat cerebellum after mercury vapor exposure.  Toxicol, 104(1-3):83-90, 1995.
Korogi, Y; et al.  MR Findings of Minamata Disease:  Organic Mercury Poisoning.  J Magn Reson Imaging, 8(2):308-16, Mar. 1998.
Lamm, O; Pratt, H.  Subclinical Effects of exposure to Inorganic Mercury Revealed by Somatosensory-Evoked Potentials.  Eur Neurol, 24:237-43, 1985.
Larson, JO; Braendgaard, H.  Structural preservation of cerebellar granule cells following neurointoxication with methyl mercury:  A stereological study of the rat cerebellum.  Acta Neuropathol, 90(3):251-6, 1995.
Levine, SP; et al.  Elemental mercury exposure:  Peripheral Neurotoxicity.  Brit J Indust Med, 39:136-139, 1982.
Miller, JM; et al.  Subclinical Psychomotor and Neuromuscular Changes in Workers Exposed to Inorganic Mercury.  Amer Indust Hyg Assoc J, 725-33, 1975.
Mitchell, J; Gallagher, PJ.  Peripheral neuropathy following intraneural injection of mercury comjpounds.  Arch Toxicol, 4693-4):257-64, 1980.
Miyakawa, T; et al.  Experimental Organic Mercury Poisoning-Pathological Changes in Peripheral Nerves. Acta Neuropath, 15:45-55, 1970.
Pamphlett R; Png, FY.  Shrinkage of Motor Axons Following Systemic Exposure to Inorganic Mercury.  J Neruopathol Exp Neurol., 57(4):360-6, Apr 1998.
Pamphlett R; et al.  Oxidative Damage to Nucleic Acids in Motor Neurons Containing Mercury.  J Neurol Sci., 159(2):121-6, Aug. 1998.
Sharma, RP; Obersteiner, EJ.  Metals and Neurotoxic Effects:  Cytotoxicity of Selected Metallic Compounds on Chick Ganglia Cultures.  J Compar Pathol, 91(2):234-44, 1981.
Siblerud, RL.  The relationship between mercury from dental malgam and mental health.  Amer J Psychother, 43(4):575-7, 1989.
Uzzell, BP; Oler, J.  Chronic Low Level Mercury Exposure and Neuropsychological Functioning.  J Clin Exp Neuropsych., 8(5):581-93, 1986.
Vroom, FQ; Greer, M.  Mercury Vapor Intoxication.  Brain, 95:305-18, 1972.
Scientifically Proven Facts About Mercury & Dental Amalgam – Dr. Robert Gammal;  Copyright 1995.  Updated November 1996.
1.    Sandra Denton MD:  Proceedings of the First International Conference on Biocompatibility, 1988.
2.    EPA Mercury Health Effects Update Health Issue Assessment.  Final report 1984 EOA-600/8-84f.  USEPA, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment Washington DC, 20460.
3.    Gordon – Pregnancy in Female Dentists – a Mercury hazard.  Proceedings of Intl conference on Mercury Hazards in Dental Practice Sept. 2-4 Glasgow 1981.
4.    Lee, L.P. and Dixon Effects of Mercury on Spermatogenisis J Pharmacol Exp Thera 1975:  194(1);171-181.
5.    Anonymous.  Mercury in Fish.  Bull WHO 64(5):634, 1986.
6.    Schulein, T.M.; Reinhardt, J.W. and Chan K.C. Survey of Des Moines area dental offices for Mercury vapor.  Iowa Dent. J. 70(1):35-36, 1984.
7.    Jones, D.W., Sutton, E.J. and Milner, E.L.  Survey of Mercury vapor in dental offices in Atlantic Canada.  Can. Dent. Assoc. J. 4906:378-395, 1983.
8.    Ochoa, R. and Miller, R.W.  Report on independent survey taken of Austin dental offices for Mercury contamination.  Texas Dent. J. 100(1):6-9, 1983
9.    Kantor, L. and Woodcock, C.  Mercury vapor in the dental office – does carpeting make a difference?  JADA 103(9):402-407, 1981.
10.    Skuba, A.  Survey for Mercury vapor in Manitoba dental offices J Can. Dent. Assoc. 50(7):517-522, 1984.
11.    Chop, G.F. and Kaufman, E.G..  Mercury vapor related to manipulation of amalgam and to floor surfaces.  Oper. Dent. 8(1):23-27, 1983.
12.    Roydhouse, R.H., Ferg, M.R.. and Knox, R.P.  Mercury in dental offices J Can Dent Assoc 51(2):156-158, 1985.
13.    Butler, J.  Proceedings from the First International Conference of Biocompatibility.  1988  14 Magnus Nylander, Mercury concentrations in the human brain and kidneys in relation to exposure from dental amalgam fillings.  ICBM 1988.
14.    This number not listed in original references.
15.    Svare, C.W. et.al.  The effects of dental amalgam on Mercury levels in expired air.  J. Dent. Res. 60(9):1668-1671, 1981.
16.    Ott, K. et.al.  Mercury burden due to amalgam fillings Dtsch. Zahnarztl Z 39(9):199-205, 1984.
17.    Abraham, J., Svare, C., Frank, C.  The effects of dental amalgam restorations on Blood Mercury levels.  J. Dent. Res. 63(1):71-73, 1984.
18.    Vimy, M.J.,  Lorscheider, F.L.  Intra-oral Mercury released from dental amalgams.  J. Dent. Res. 64(8):1069-1071, 1985.
19.    Hanson, M.  Amalgam hazards in your teeth.  Dept of Zoophysiology, University of Lund, Sweden.  J. Orthomolecular Psychiatry  Vo12 No 3  Sept 1983.
20.    Vimy, M.J., Takahashi, Y., Lorscheider, F.L.  Maternal-Fetal Distribution of Mercury Released From Dental Amalgam Fillings.  Dept of Medicine and Medical Physiology, faculty of Medicine, Univ of Calgary, Calgary Alberta Canada 1990 published in FASEB.
21.    Goyer, R.A. Toxic effects of metals.  Cassarett and Doull’s toxicology—The basic science of poisons, ed3, New York, MacMillan Publ. Co  1986, pp582-609.
22.    Kuhnert, P., Kunhert, B.R.R. and Erkard, P.  Comparison of Mercury levels in maternal blood fetal chord blood and placental tissue.  Am. J. Obstet and Gynecol., 139:209-212, 1981.
23.    Kuntz, W.D. – Maternal and chord blood Mercury background levels; Longitudinal surveilance. Am J Obstet and Gynecol.  143:440-443, 1982
24.    Brodsky, J.B.  Occupational exposure to Mercury in dentistry and pregnancy outcome.  JADA111(11:779-780, 1985.
25.    Malstrom, C., Hansson, M., Nylander, M.  Conference on Trace Elements in Health and Disease.  Stockholm May 25-1992.
26.    Lorscheider & Vimy.  The Lancet  Vol 337; May 4 1991.
27.    Hanson, M.  Why is Mercury toxic.   Basic chemical and biochemical properties of Mercury/amalgam in relation to biological effects.  ICBM conference; Colorado, 1988.
28.    Sheppard, A.R. and Eisenbud, M.  Biological effects of electric and magnetic fields of extremely low frequency.  New York University Press.  1977.
29.    Mareck and Hockman.  Simulated crevice corrosion experiment for ph and solution chemistry determinations.  CORROSION 1974:23;1000-1006.
30.    Till et al.  Zahnarztl.  Welt/reform  1978:87;1130-1134.
31.    Langan, Fan, Hoos.  The use of Mercury in dentistry:  a critical review of the literature.  JADA Vol 115  December 1987, 867  Donated by the ADA.
32.    Jonnes, Suttow and Milner.  Survery of Mercury vapor in dental offices in Atlantic Canada., Canadian Dental Association Journal, 49(6):378-395, 1983.
33.    Goyer Toxic effects of metals.  Casaret and Doull’s toxicology – the basic science of poisons.  Ed3  New York.  Macmillan Publishing.  1986, pp582-609.
34.    Stortebecker, P.  Mercury Poisoning from Dental Amalgam – a Hazard to the Human Brain.  Stortebecker Foundation For Research, 1985.  ISBN:0-941011-01-1.
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